Transformasi Pendidikan Islam dalam Bayang-Bayang Kolonialisme: Studi Historis Masa Belanda dan Jepang
Keywords:
Islamic education, colonialism, Dutch, Japanese, educational history.Abstract
This study aims to explore the dynamics of Islamic education in Indonesia during the Dutch and Japanese colonial periods through a historical-critical approach. Islamic education played a vital role in preserving the religious and cultural identity of the Muslim community while also serving as a platform for resistance against colonialism. The Dutch colonial regime implemented repressive policies toward Islamic educational institutions, such as pesantren and madrasah, through regulations like the Teachers Ordinance and Wild Schools Act. In contrast, the Japanese occupation adopted a more accommodative and manipulative approach by incorporating Islamic symbols into their wartime propaganda strategy. This study employs a qualitative method based on literature review and historical document analysis. The findings indicate that despite differing political motives, Islamic education demonstrated both structural and cultural resilience. Under Dutch rule, Islamic education developed outside the formal state system, whereas under Japanese occupation, it was granted limited legality, albeit under strict military supervision. The comparison reveals that Islamic education functioned not only as a medium for religious knowledge transmission but also as a tool for social mobilization and resistance. This study recommends further research into the long-term impacts of colonial strategies on post-independence Islamic education systems. It is hoped that this research contributes to the historical discourse of Islamic education and strengthens the development of a national education system rooted in Islamic and national values.
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